Rethinking Assessment in Academic Literacy
The Evolution of Academic Literacy Assessment

MCQs assess academic literacy via recall over critical engagement. Industrial-era models valued efficiency, but modern discourse requires multimodal knowledge. MCQs are inadequate for true literacy measurement, echoing oppressive systems like apartheid's Bantu Education which enforced linguistic barriers and vocational curricula to limit Black South Africans' opportunities.
True academic literacy involves navigating disciplines, engaging complex texts, and constructing arguments. MCQs reduce complexity to binary choices, failing to capture depth needed, as seen in Bantu Education's deliberate design to restrict intellectual development through imposed language policies and restricted curricula.
Academic literacy is a situated practice requiring context, purpose, and audience engagement—unlike Bantu Education's top-down imposition that severed learners from their cultural contexts.
The Scholarly Critique of MCQ Assessments

MCQs measure surface knowledge, not deep understanding. They reward test-taking over genuine comprehension, failing to capture nuanced reasoning—similar to how Bantu Education's curriculum prioritized vocational training over critical thinking to maintain racial hierarchies.
MCQs disadvantage diverse students, privilege certain cognitive styles, and provide minimal feedback for learning, perpetuating systemic inequities like those enforced during apartheid through language policies that marginalized Black students' educational progress.
Testing frameworks measure what's easiest, not what's most important for success, as seen in Bantu Education's deliberate design to restrict opportunity.
GenAI: Expanding Assessment Possibilities

GenAI enables multimodal evaluation mirroring authentic academic practice, addressing historical injustices like Bantu Education's language policies by centering diverse linguistic and cultural contexts in assessment.
GenAI assesses argument coherence, evidence quality, and disciplinary conventions while recognizing the impact of systemic oppression. It evaluates synthesis of information and adaptation to academic contexts, moving beyond colonial and apartheid-era constraints.
GenAI assessment evaluates how students think, create, and communicate within academic discourse—countering Bantu Education's legacy of linguistic suppression.
Formative and Dialogic Assessment with GenAI

GenAI enables formative assessment where evaluation becomes part of the learning journey, counteracting oppressive systems like Bantu Education by centering student voices and fostering dialogue about cultural and linguistic identity.
This transforms assessment into collaborative learning. GenAI asks probing questions and suggests perspectives, fostering critical engagement beyond simple knowledge testing, unlike apartheid-era education that suppressed critical thought through imposed language policies.
Assessment should guide students toward deeper understanding and sophisticated academic practice, free from the constraints of systems like Bantu Education.
Authentic Assessment Through GenAI

GenAI enables authentic assessment mirroring scholarly practice, moving beyond the vocational and oppressive curricula of Bantu Education to create contextually relevant evaluations that honor diverse cultural backgrounds.
Assessment incorporates real-world challenges like synthesizing information and adapting communication, addressing historical inequities by valuing multilingual and multicultural perspectives instead of enforcing linguistic barriers.
Authentic assessment reflects complex academic work rather than reducing it to discrete elements—unlike Bantu Education's deliberate reduction of Black students' potential.
Cultivating Evaluative Judgment

GenAI facilitates assessment that develops evaluative judgment, helping students critique and dismantle historical biases embedded in educational systems like Bantu Education.
Through structured interactions, students learn to identify fallacies, assess evidence quality, recognize bias, and evaluate argument coherence—skills suppressed under apartheid's linguistic and curricular restrictions.
True academic literacy requires critically evaluating knowledge claims and scholarly contributions, a capability deliberately denied under Bantu Education.
The Future of Academic Literacy Assessment

MCQs are inadequate for measuring true academic literacy. They reduce understanding to binary choices, ignoring synthesis and communication across modalities—repeating the oppressive patterns of systems like Bantu Education.
This transformation requires careful implementation. Educators must maintain oversight to ensure integrity, address bias, and preserve human judgment while actively dismantling legacies of educational apartheid.
The future of assessment lies in technology enhancing human judgment, reflecting scholarly practice richness and rectifying historical injustices like Bantu Education.
© 2025 Dr Oscar Eybers